Reform-Esperanto (Sistem Ido) - Leciono 1a

from a 1937 Polish instruction book in Ido. Esperanto added.
el 1937 lernolibro de Ido. Esperanto aldonita.

Ido - (normala) Esperanto - EsF - English

-o -o -o ending of all singular nouns: bovo = cow, bovine animal
-i -oj -o ending of all plural nouns: bovi = cows, bovine animals
-a -a -a ending of adjectives: bela kato = beautiful cat, bela kati = beautiful cats One can leave off the -a for poetic effect: kar amiko, bon jorno, bel ucelo.
-e -e -e ending of adverbs: bone = well
la la (ne havi artikolo) - definite article "the": la domo = the house la domi = the houses. One can write la as l':
-ul vir- vir- marks the masculine: bovulo = bull
-in -in -in marks the feminine: bovino = cow (female bovine animal)
-n -n (ne havi akusativo) marks accusative (direct object of verb's action): me amas la matron = I love the mother la matron me amas = I love the mother
di de de of, from. Marks possesion, belonging to: la flori de bon amiko = the flowers of the good friend.
a al al to, towards. a la domo = to the house a la cielo = to heaven, to the sky. A can also have the form ad, before a vowel. Ad amiko = to a friend
no ne ne no!
ne ne ne not, no.
ka ĉu chu the question-forming word: Ka vu vidas la gardeno = Did you see the garden? No, me ne vidas ol = No, I didn't see it. Yes = Yes Ka lu skribas letro? = Does he-she-or-it write a letter? Ka can also have the form Kad, before a vowel. Kad il dormas?
= Does he sleep?

Practice: Copy the Ido affixes, words and sentences above into a notebook.
Praktiko: kopiu ida afikso, vorto kaj frazo en kajero.