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Sunday, February 23, 2020

Biblia legado: Genezo 1:1-8


BIBLIA LEGADO: GENEZO 1:1-8
La Sankta Biblio estas bonan libron por Esperanto-lerni. Aŭ por lerni alia lingvoj.
Vi bezonas la Biblio en Esperanto. Aŭ vi povas uzi Biblio en interreto. http://esperantobiblio.org/  Aŭda Biblio en Esperanto ankaŭ estas en interreto https://archive.org/details/audeblabiblio
Vi ankaŭ povas uzi Biblion en via patrino-lingvo. Se vi ne povas aĉeti Biblion en via lando aŭ en Amazon . com, vi ne bezonas ĝin.
PLANO POR STUDADO
  • Legu la unuan biblian verson en la Esperanto traduko.
  • Legu la unuan biblian verson en via patrina lingvo.
  • Ĉu estas vorto aŭ vortoj, ke vi ne konas? Uzu esperantan vortaron!
  • Tiel studu la duan verson, la trian, ktp.

GENEZO 1:1-8
1 En la komenco Dio kreis la ĉielon kaj la teron. 
2 Kaj la tero estis senforma kaj dezerta, kaj mallumo estis super la abismo; kaj la spirito de Dio ŝvebis super la akvo. 
3 Kaj Dio diris: Estu lumo; kaj fariĝis lumo. 
4 Kaj Dio vidis la lumon, ke ĝi estas bona; kaj Dio apartigis la lumon de la mallumo. 
5 Kaj Dio nomis la lumon Tago, kaj la mallumon Li nomis Nokto. Kaj estis vespero, kaj estis mateno, unu tago.
6 Kaj Dio diris: Estu firmaĵo inter la akvo, kaj ĝi apartigu akvon de akvo. 
7 Kaj Dio kreis la firmaĵon, kaj apartigis la akvon, kiu estas sub la firmaĵo, de la akvo, kiu estas super la firmaĵo; kaj fariĝis tiel. 
8 Kaj Dio nomis la firmaĵon Ĉielo. Kaj estis vespero, kaj estis mateno, la dua tago.
VORTOJ
Dio - God
ĉielo - heaven
tero - earth
mallumo - darkness
spirito - spirit 
akvo - water
lumo - light
tago - day 
nokto - night
vespero - evening
mateno - morning

ANGLA
The Holy Bible is a good book for learning Esperanto. Or for learning other languages.
You need the Bible in Esperanto. Or you can use the Esperanto Bible from the internet. An audio Bible in Esperanto is also available in the internet.
You might also choose to use a Bible in your native language. But if you can’t buy a Bible in your home country or from Amazon . com, you don’t need it.
PLAN OF STUDY
  • Read the first Bible verse in the Esperanto translation.
  • Read the first Bible verse in a Bible in your native language.
  • Is there a word or are there words you don’t know? Use an Esperanto dictionary!
  • In this manner study the second verse, the third, and so on.

Friday, December 14, 2018

Patro Nia: the Our Father in Esperanto

It is a sort of tradition to use the Our Father as a way to give an example of what a given language is like. That's why it's common to see translations of the Our Father into conlangs. These days that gives some people conniptions. But the Our Father is a simple thing to translate, and in addition is useful for religious persons. Why not learn it--- and pray it--- in a language you are learning?

Patro nia, kiu estas in la ĉielo,
Sanktigata estu via nomo.
Venu via regno.
Fariĝu via volo kiel en la ĉielo,
   tiel ankaŭ sur la tero.
Nian panon ĉiutagan donu al ni hodiaŭ
Kaj pardonu al ni niajn ŝuldojn,
   kiel ankaŭ ni pardonas al niaj ŝuldantoj.
Kaj ne konduku nin en tenton, sed liberigu nin de la malbono.
Amen.

How do you study this prayer? Line by line. For each line, look up any unknown words. Say the line to yourself over and over until you are familiar with it. The next day, learn the next line. When you are finished, practice reciting the lines together until you can recite them without forgetting the meaning of the individual words. At that point, you may add the Esperanto Patro Nia to your regular prayers. It is particularly good for praying for world mission (evangelization) and for the needs of those in distant lands. It can be prayed by those from differing faith-backgrounds. (The extra lines Protestants add can be found in an Esperanto Bible, Matthew 6:13. [Ĉar Via estas la regno kaj la potenco kaj la gloro eterne.]

To find the Bible in your native language, go to Jesus Army Multilingual Bible and select your language from the drop-down list of Bibles.

To type in Esperanto using the Esperanto special letters, use Typeit. (Or use the H-system, which is allowed by the Fundamentoj.)

Thursday, November 22, 2018

Biblio: JEĤEZKEL 17:23

Sur la alta monto de Izrael Mi ĝin plantos, kaj ĝi elkreskigos branĉojn kaj donos fruktojn kaj fariĝos belega cedro; kaj loĝos sub ĝi ĉiaspecaj birdoj, ĉiaspecaj flugiluloj nestos en la ombro de ĝiaj branĉoj. Jeĥezkel 17:23

This Scripture passage is from the Old Testament, so L. L. Zamenhof did the translation himself. The verses in Ezekiel deal with trees in a symbolic and spiritual sense. God is not literally planning on planting a tree someday.

'Plantos' is in the future tense, as are 'elkreskigos,' 'fariĝos,' 'loĝos,' and 'nestos.' Future tense verbs end in -os, past tense end in -is, and present tense end in -as. Can you change a phrase or sentence with a future tense verb into present tense? Into past tense?


In the mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it: and it shall bring forth boughs, and bear fruit, and be a goodly cedar: and under it shall dwell all fowl of every wing; in the shadow of the branches thereof shall they dwell. Ezekiel 17:23 KJV

It will be planted on the high mountain of Israel: it will put out branches and have fruit and be a fair cedar: under it all birds of every sort will make their living-place, resting in the shade of its branches. Ezekiel 17:23, Bible in Basic English.

Wednesday, November 21, 2018

Could Klingon replace Esperanto?

Sometimes people who don't much like Esperanto say that Klingon, a made-up language invented to add realism to some Star Trek movies, is more successful as an international language than Esperanto is.

But actually that's not true. It's just comforting for people who fear someday they will be forced to learn Esperanto. They would be equally fearful if they had to learn Volapük, Universalglot, or Klingon!

Star Trek fans may know a word or two of Klingon, but very few could actually put together a whole sentence in the language. And it would almost never be a sentence that is useful in the real world, unlike 'beam me up' or 'fire phasers.' 


  • Reason number 1 that Klingon will not succeed as an international language the way Esperanto has is that Klingon is intellectual property owned by the corporation that owns Star Trek. Or maybe the man hired to create Klingon has some claim on it as well. Esperanto, Volapük and other languages intended as international auxiliary languages are 'born' in the public domain. If you translate a Shakespeare play into Esperanto or Volapük, you could self-publish it without issues. If you translate it into Klingon, the owners of the Klingon language could stop  you publishing.
  • Reason number 2 is that there is no mechanism for coining new words in Klingon. That's why you can't translate the Bible into Klingon--- there are hundreds of words you'd need to translate the text that don't exist in Klingon yet, and there is no way to make a new word of Klingon by yourself.
  • Reason number 3 is that there are no shortwave radio broadcasts or podcasts in Klingon. At one point there were many on the shortwave bands, though most were mainly audible in Europe. Now that podcasts have replaced shortwave radio for so many of us, there are Esperanto podcasts. If someone wanted to start a Klingon podcast, he'd have to get permission from the language's owners.
  • Reason number 4 is that Klingon is a product of Star Trek, a phenomenon from the English-speaking world, and particularly from the United States. English-speakers from the United States don't particularly feel the need for an international auxiliary language. You are far less likely to find an Esperanto speaker in the United States than in Finland. And foreign Star Trek fans, even though they watch Trek movies and TV shows dubbed into their own language, are more likely to know some English than enough Klingon to be useful.
  • Reason number 5 is that there are no books in Klingon--- not even a Bible, a New Testament or a single Gospel. So the Klingon enthusiast has nothing to read to expand his language knowledge. There are many books in Esperanto--- I have a shelf on one of my bookcases just for Esperanto books, and I have my Esperanto dictionaries, both my Esperanto Bibles, and a few other Esperanto books on a different bookshelf. And I have never had much book-buying money!
  • Finally, reason number 6 is the ridicule factor. Star Trek is a 'silly' science fiction TV show. Star Trek fans get mocked. If a bunch of Star Trek fans decided to make Klingon into a workable international auxiliary language, they would be mocked far more than Esperantists are! Now, determined enough Trekkies might manage, anyway. But I think it would be very hard to get more Klingon speakers than there are Esperanto speakers--- or even Volapük speakers.
Now, there could be a deus ex machina event that could propel Klingon, with all its flaws, into use as a global international language. And it would be as useful as any other, or as English, French, Latin or Chinese have been in international use. But I honestly believe that the odds are against Klingon coming into that role.

Thursday, July 12, 2018

Reading the Bible in Esperanto: Romans 1:1


If you read the Bible regularly or daily for religious reasons, there is no reason why you can’t try reading it in Esperanto. If you have had a few Esperanto lessons, you will probably recognize a few words of any given Bible passage. Unknown words you can always look up.
But where to start? There are a lot of books in the Bible, some more difficult than others. I suggest the book of Romans, which is a letter from Saint Paul to the Christians of the city of Rome. 

Paulo, servisto de Jesuo Kristo, apostolo vokita, apartigita al the evangelio de Dio,

This is verse 1, and the first thing you will note is that it is only the beginning of a sentence. Paul is starting off by introducing himself to the Christians of Rome. He has at this point not gone to Rome to visit these Christians himself. He gives his name, Paulo, and then gives his chief ‘title’ as a church leader: servisto de Jesuo Kristo. The word translated servisto is in the original Greek doulos, which means ‘slave.’ To the original audience of this letter, the word ‘slave’ meant the guy who empties your chamber pot and does other low, unappreciated work for you. Not a high status at all. But to be the slave of Jesus Christ is another thing altogether. Note: one title of the pope is ‘servant of the servants of God.’ Perhaps a reminder to popes not to glory in their status over other church leaders, but to regard themselves as the servant to the other ‘servants of God’.

Apostolo vokita: well, you can probably guess that apostolo means apostle. Vokita comes from the verb voki, which means ‘to call.’ The -ita ending means that it is past tense, and that someone other than Paul did the calling.  In the context of Paul’s life story, we can understand that the calling came from God. 

Apartigita: isn’t that a word and a half? There are three parts to this word: apart- which means separate, -ig- which means ‘make, render,’ and finally -ita, which we have met with above. In other words, Paul has been separated, or set apart, for the Gospel of God.

Evangelio means Gospel, and is related to the Greek word euaggelion, which means ‘good message.’ The Gospel is the Good News, and that is what Paul is set apart for.

You can not only read the rest of this chapter of Romans, but listen to or download an audio version of it, from this web page: 


Here is the Bible verse in English (KJV)
Romans 1:1
Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,

Saturday, June 30, 2018

How I first learned about Esperanto


I learned there was such a thing as Esperanto as a child. My mother was big on providing her children with books, and she got me/us a set of Golden Book encyclopedias. Since my younger brother had no interest in books, I claimed the set as mine and read all of the volumes. 

There was a little article on Esperanto. I don't remember much about it, except that it wasn't negative on Esperanto, and that the Esperanto word it gave as an example was 'birdo.' Perhaps I assumed that the rest of Esperanto was like that--- similar to English? 

Anyway, that little article was the beginning of a lifelong interest in Esperanto. In the early years, I had no idea how to get any more information on Esperanto or where to buy an Esperanto dictionary or textbook. In the pre-internet days, if YOUR local bookstore or library didn't carry something, it pretty much didn't exist.

Much later--- after I already had books in Esperanto--- I moved to my father's old hometown of Menominee, Michigan (USA.) In the library there was one very old (1950s) book about Esperanto which combined a textbook, dictionary and a small sample of articles in Esperanto. I kind of wish some of the earlier libraries in my life had books like that!


Memorizing things in Esperanto: 
This week I am memorizing a basic Christian prayer in Esperanto.

In la nomo de l' Patro kaj de l' Filo kaj de l' Sankta Spirito. Amen.

In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Amen. 

This is good for Esperanto beginners to memorize because it has simple words, and it's very short. It's not like memorizing the Apostles' Creed in Esperanto!  In you are not familiar with de l' --- it is short for 'de la' and is pronounced like 'del.' 

Friday, June 15, 2018

Ridante Lernu: LEE Chong-Yeong

"Ridante Lernu" estas lego-libro por komencantoj, kaj ghi estas tre amusa. La libro estas verkita de LEE Chong-Yeong. Publikita de Korea Esperanto Asocio, 2007.

After you have done some basic lessons in Esperanto, you might want to start reading easy Esperanto learning materials like this book, "Ridante Lernu." 

It contains 200 short texts in Esperanto which are useful to practice reading the language. Most of the texts are amusing jokes. 

I have not been keeping up with my Esperanto for the past few years, and when I tried to read a normal Esperanto book I found it a bit difficult. So I took this book down from my Esperanto shelf and started reading. It's funny and good practice to get back in the swing of using Esperanto.

I don't remember how I got this book. Maybe ELNA's book service? Or UEA? Anyway, it is probably available yet if you want a copy of your own.

Thursday, September 08, 2016

Esperantaj Blogoj: Razeno blogas Esperante (Nepal)

Bona esperanta blogo estas 'Razeno blogas Esperante.' La aŭtoro estas Razen Manandhar, el Katmando, Nepalo. 

Razeno diris:
"Bonvenon al mia blogejo. Per mia Esperanto-blogo, mi montras al la mondo ke nia internacia lingvo ja vivas hodiaŭ, kaj ĝi troviĝas ankaŭen Nepalo. Vi trovos artikoletojn pri Nepalo, tiea kulturo, socio kaj mia persona vivo. Kaj mi nepre donas mian personan opinion pri Esperanto-movado en mia lando."
 Angla traduko:
A good blog in Esperanto is 'Razeno blogas Esperante.' The author is Razen Manandhar from Kathmandu, Nepal.

Razeno says:
"Welcome to my blog. In my Esperanto-blog, I show to the world that our international language indeed lives today, and you can find it also in Nepal. You will find short articles about Nepal, its culture, society and my personal life. And I without fail give my personal opinion about the Esperanto-movement in my country.


Wednesday, September 07, 2016

Goethe-Verlag: Book2 en Esperanto --- free audio course


Homoj el multaj landoj kaj lingvoj povas lerni Esperanton kun senpaga aŭda kurso, Book2. La 'Goethe-Verlag' el Germanujo havas aŭdajn kursojn por lerni 50 lingvo. Jen estas la ret-adreso: http://www.goethe-verlag.com/book2/

En la 'Book2' retpaĝo, elektu vian naskiĝintan lingvon. Poste, elektu 'Esperanto' el la listo de lingvoj. Vi povas lerni en la retpaĝo, aŭ elŝuti la aŭda kurso. Vi ankaŭ povas aĉeti la libron por la kurso. Estas 10 Usonajn dolarojn.

People from many countries and languages can learn Esperanto with a free audio course, Book2. The 'Goethe-Verlag' from Germany has audio courses for learning 50 languages. Here is the internet address: http://www.goethe-verlag.com/book2/

On the 'Book2' web page, select your native language out of the languages listed. Next, pick 'Esperanto' from the list of languages that you can learn. You can learn the lessons from the web page, or download the audio lessons. You can also buy the book for the course. It costs 10 US dollars on Amazon.com.

Since I learned the basics of Esperanto in the 1980s, I don't use the course to learn Esperanto. But when I downloaded a Serbian language course from the page, I chose Esperanto as my native language--- so I am refreshing my Esperanto while learning Serbian.

Book2 is my go-to page when I get interested in a new language. I can study the lessons to see if I am interested in the language. 

Book2 is also a great source of homeschooling lessons. I personally would recommend Esperanto as a foreign language for homeschooling. Esperanto is about 10 times easier to learn than other languages, and so the young child quickly experiences success at the language. Later the child might choose another language to learn for his second foreign language--- using Book2 as a first textbook. 

Tuesday, September 06, 2016

Esperanto lesson: En la komenco

This is an Esperanto lesson using the text of the Bible as reading material. You don't need to own an Esperanto Bible, Esperanto dictionary, or Esperanto textbook to get started.

To start let us take a look at the very first verse of the Bible, which along with the rest of the non-Deuterocanonical Old Testament was translated by the creator of Esperanto, L. L. Zamenhof.

En la komenco Dio kreis la ĉielon kaj la teron. Genezo 1:1
Here are some things to notice:

1. Nouns. There are four nouns in this verse: komenco, Dio,  ĉielon, teron. You will notice that two end in -o. This shows that they are nouns. The second two end in -on. The -o shows they are nouns, and the -n shows that they are in the accusative case. This is a fancy way of saying that those nouns are on the receiving end of the action of a verb. What verb? Kreis, which means 'created.' What is being created? La ĉielon kaj la teron--- the heaven and the earth.

2. Subject of the sentence. Who is the subject of the sentence? Dio--- God. God is the one doing the creating. So the noun 'God' is in the nominative case. Which is another way of saying that it's God doing the action of the verb kreis.

3. Verb. The verb kreis is in the past tense. The past tense of a verb is marked by the ending -is. The infinitive of the verb kreis is 'krei.' Krei means 'to create.' In English we show the infinitive of a verb with the word 'to.' In Esperanto we show it by the ending -i.

4. En la komenco. The word 'komenco', which means beginning, is not the subject of the sentence. The 'komenco' is not creating anything. But it is not being created, either. In the phrase 'en la komenco', you do not need to add -n because it is not the direct object of the verb--- it's not receiving the action of the verb 'created' so it is not in the accusative case.

5. For extra practice, you might want to copy the Esperanto text above into a notebook. Also copy the verse in English translation--- or whichever language you speak well. Look up any Esperanto words you don't know well in an online Esperanto dictionary.

Do you understand?

Kiu kreis la ĉielon?
Dio kreis la ĉielon.

Kiu kreis la teron?
Dio kreis la teron.

Ĉu la komenco kreis Dion?
Ne, la komenco ne kreis Dion.

Next time:
The next two verses of the first chapter of Genesis.

2   Kaj la tero estis senforma kaj dezerta, kaj mallumo estis super la abismo; kaj la spirito de Dio ŝvebis super la akvo.
3   Kaj Dio diris: Estu lumo; kaj fariĝis lumo.

Jesus Army Multilingual Bible, Esperanto: http://jesus-army.com/bible/Esperanto/1  
 
 

Monday, September 05, 2016

Using the Bible to learn Esperanto

Oni povas uzi la Biblion por lerni Esperanto. La retejo Jesus Army Multilingual Bible enhavas la Biblion en Esperanto kaj angla kaj multe da alia lingvoj.
 
L. L. Zamenhof, creator of the Esperanto language, himself translated the Old Testament of the Bible into Esperanto. And from that time on, the Bible has been a textbook for Esperanto students of many linguistic backgrounds. [Vikipedio (Esperanto Wikipedia): L. L. Zamenhof]

Why is this so? The Bible, from Genesis through Revelation, is conveniently divided up into chapters and verses. And the Bible is available in hundreds of languages around the world. There are many Bible sites which allow you to compare Bible translations in various languages. My favorite is the Jesus Army Multilingual Bible.

The Jesus Army site has the Esperanto Bible (except for the Deuterocanonical books which are missing from many Protestant Bibles.) Let's look up a random verse in the Esperanto Bible, John 6:35: "Jesuo diris al ili: Mi estas la pano de vivo; kiu venas al mi, tiu neniam malsatos, kaj kiu kredas al mi, tiu neniam soifos."

Look at the page for John chapter 6 in the Jesus Army site.  On the right side of the page are links to many other Bible translations in English, and many in other languages. Let's click on the King James Version--- that will take us to John chapter 6 in the King James. Here is the verse in English: "And Jesus said unto them, I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall never hunger; and he that believeth on me shall never thirst."

Now, using an English-Esperanto dictionary or an appropriate web page, you can study the Esperanto version word-for-word. If you are an absolute beginner to Esperanto, start with the part of the Bible verse in boldface. It contains the most basic of Esperanto verbs, estas. It's the present tense of the verb 'to be' and means am, is, or are.

It contains the first person pronoun, mi which means 'I'. And two basic verbs, pano and vivo--- bread and life.

But what if there is a person who wants to learn Esperanto but doesn't speak English, or not very well. Let's say an African who speaks Xhosa. There is a Xhosa Bible on the Jesus Army page. Here is John 6:35 in Xhosa: "Wathi ke uYesu kubo, Isonka sobomi esi ndim; lowo uzayo kum, akasayi kulamba; lowo ukholwayo kum, akasayi kunxanwa naphakade."

There is a great deal of material in the Bible for the beginning Esperanto student to study. You will not run out of things to learn for years. And many of the great minds of history such as Isaac Newton and Copernicus have believed that the Bible has good and worthy content that does the reader good.

Permission to translate this article into other languages is freely given so long as you post a link back to this article, and make a comment on this blog post giving a link to where you have put up your translation. 

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Esperanto language study:

I am going to be starting a study of some basic learn-Esperanto text on this blog. I will be using a textbook that is in the public domain, likely The Esperanto Teacher by Helen Fryer, which is available as a free ebook.

Sunday, September 04, 2016

Senpaga aŭdalibroj en Esperanto - Free audio books in Esperanto

Ĉu vi scias? La retejo 'LibriVox' havas senpaga aŭdalibroj en Esperanto, kaj en aliaj lingvoj. Oni povas aŭskulti aŭ elŝuti ilin. Mi mem tre ŝatas aŭskulti aŭdalibroj por lerni lingvoj. Jen estas la retejo: https://librivox.org/search?primary_key=20&search_category=language&search_page=1&search_form=get_results

Did you know? The web site 'LibriVox' has free audio books in Esperanto and in other languages. One can listen to them or download them. I myself very much like to listen to audiobooks for learning languages. Here is the web page: https://librivox.org/search?primary_key=20&search_category=language&search_page=1&search_form=get_results 

I have not written in this blog in years, and my Esperanto is a bit rusty. I plan to revive it as a blog for English-speakers currently learning Esperanto. I am just wondering whether to keep the blog here on Blogger, or whether I should migrate to Wordpress where my other blog 'lives.'  You can see how rusty my Esperanto is, by the way, in the fact that I haven't bothered to translate this bit into Esperanto. Perhaps if I revive this blog, my Esperanto will get better. 

Saturday, August 24, 2013

La Unua Universalglot blogo - The First Universalglot blog

Mi kreis la unuan Universalgloton blogon.
I created the first Universalglot blog.

http://universalglot.blogspot.com/

Tuesday, January 01, 2013

Universalglot Dictionary, Page 1

VerbBibel UniversalglotEnglishGerman Page001

A

Abat = Abbot | Abt
Abatstan = Abbey | Abtei
Abbasen = To abase, lower | Niederschlagen, sinken
Abbasten = To pull down, to beat down | Abschlagen, niederreissen
Abbasthaus = Slaughterhouse | Schlachthaus
Abbilden = To figure, represent | Abbilden
Abdikten, abdikaten = To abdicate | Eine Würde, ein Amt niederlegen
Abdukten = To carry away, refuse | Wegführen, abweisen
Abend = Evening, west | Abend
Abendeten = To sup | Abendessen
El abendeten = Supper |Das Abendessen
Abesant = Absent | Abwesend
Abesanten = To absent | Sich wegbegeben
Abesantnes = Absence |Abwesenheit
Abfal = Falling off, fall, defection, loss, clippings |Abfall
Abfalen = To decay, abandon, fall | Abfallen
Abfiren = To fire off, discharge a firearm |Abfeuern
Abflus = Running down | Abfluss
Abgraden = To descend | Heruntergehen


Thursday, December 27, 2012

Amerysk Pronunciation

Amerysk Pronunciation

From 'Snaekk and Skryf Amerysk' by Paal Filssunu, describing a conlang, Amerysk, constructed by Paal Filssunu for the use of Odinists/Asatruar/Norse Pagans.

Letters in the Amerysk language are not put in alphabetical order as in most European tongues, but are arranged in the pattern of the older Northern Futhark.
There are officially 26 letters in this futhark, also known as 'staves' (staefas). There are some forms in the 'runic' form of stave writing which combine similar sounds and do not stand out as the Roman alphabet's series of clustered phonetics.

VOWELSAmerysk uses eight main vowels: A, E, I, O, U, Y, AE, Ø
These vowels possess single phonetic pronunciations. In the course of speaking some natural vowel lengthenings occur. These are either shown in the ( )'s for proper pronunciation, or they use lengthened written vowel forms: A becomes AA, E becomes EI, EY or Y and so forth.

PRONUNCIATION:
A is pronounced as in Tall (ah) O is pronounced as in Off, Hot (aw)
E
is pronounced as in Set (eh) U is pronounced as OO in Book (uh)
I
is pronounced as in It, Stick (ih) Y is pronounced as EE in Green (ee)
AE
is pronouced as A in Sack, Laugh Ø is pronounced as EW--- similar to German ö and Danish ø

EXAMPLES:Stagga
(stahgg-ah) stag Thurk (thuhrk) through
Swefan (swehf-ahn) to sleep Ys (eess) ice
Swift (swihft) fast, swift Wraeth (rath) wrath
Worm (wawrm) reptile, serpent (bew) village, town

The basic sounds of the vowels don't change, unlike some languages which assign up to four different sounds to a letter, or stave.
LENGTHENED VOWELS

AA (aw)
as used in Waald (forest) AW (ahw) as used in Blaw! (Blow!)
AAW (aw) as used in Laaw (low) UW (ooh) as used in Bluw (blue)
EI, EY (ay) as used in Ey (island) AEW (ae+oo) as used in Maew (seagull)
and personal name Sweyn
IW (yew)
as used in Tiw (Tyr) ØW (ew) as used in Fløwan (to flow)


CONSONANTS:Amerysk uses sixteen consonants--- also, there are several consonants sounds produced by clustering. All consonants will be shown in the examples below:

MAIN CONSONANTS: As used in the English alphabet order---
B, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, S, T, W, and X

Note: C, Q, V, and Z are not used as standard letters unless they are needed in the spelling of names, or words fron languages using these letters (Caledon, Quinn, Viking, Zeus and so forth.)
Of these above mentioned consonants, the following are pronounced very much as in English, and require no special learning:
B, D, F, H, K, L, M, N, P, R, S, T, W, and X

G
is given two pronunciations according to its place in a word:
as G in the word gød (gewd) 'good', used initially, it is pronounced hard--- but when used in the middle or at the end of a word--- such as fugl (foo-khil) 'bird' or graeg (grakh) 'gray'. The G is spoken as a German 'CH' sound (KH).
GG is always pronounced hard as in Egg.
J is always pronounced as Y: Ja (yah) 'yes'.
NG is always pronounced as 'ING' in wing--- never pronounce it like the English NG in 'FING-GER' (finger).
TH is pronounced two ways--- as the hard [voiced] TH in THIS and as the soft [unvoiced] TH in THIN. TH requires memorization, and throughout this series for pronunciation purposes,
TH= hard sound TH=soft sound
KJ/TJ are normally pronounced as CH in CHEERS
SJ/SKJ
are pronouced as SH

This information, from the book 'Snaekk and Skryf Amerysk' by Paal Filssunu, is provided with all  respect to the acheivements and rights of Amerysk creator Paal-Eirik Filsunu. I have also published this info on a web site The Ameryske Tunga. (I am putting it up here to prevent the information from being lost if the web site goes down.)

Tuesday, December 25, 2012

Word-Building in Universalglot

As in Esperanto, suffixes are used to build words in Universalglot. The feminine suffix is -in. Here are some examples of its use:

queen = rexin
man = man
woman = manin
boy = maniet
girl = manietin
virile = manli
feminine = maninli

There was no plural form for nouns. So 'manin' could mean 'woman' or 'women'.

Though many Universalglot words were of Latin/Romance language origin there were also others that were of Germanic origin, from languages like English or German. Here are some Universalglot words of Germanic origin:

Send = sende
Yes = jes
Dog = hund
House = haus
Hand = hand
Help = help
Warm = varm
Winter = vinter
Wound = vund
Will = vil

Verbs had the following endings:
infinitive: -en
present tense: -e
past tense: -ed
future tense: -rai
conditional: -rais

Source: Listserv/Auxlang Pirro's Universal Glot by Leo J. Moser

Facebook Page: Universalglot - Jean Pirro

Kial Mi Amas Universalglot/Why I love Universalglot

En libro pri Esperanto, mi legis pri aliaj konstruitaj lingvoj. Unu el ili estas Universalglot. Mi legas ti chiu:

In a book about Esperanto, I read about other constructed languages. One of them is Universalglot. I read this: 

Men senior, I sende evos un gramatik e un verb-bibel de un nuov glot nomed universal glot. In futur, I scriptrai evos semper in dit glot. I pregate evos responden ad me in dit self glot.

Bela lingvo! Beautiful language!

Esperanto traduko: ”Mia sinjoro, mi sendas al vi gramatikon kaj vortaron de nova lingvo nomata universala lingvo. En estonteco mi skribados al vi ĉiam en ĉi tiu lingvo. Mi petas vin respondi al mi en la sama lingvo.”

English translation: 

"Sir, I send you a grammar and dictionary of a new language called universal language (universal glot). In the future I will write to you always in this language. I ask you to respond to me in the same language."
 

Facebook page Universalglot: Jean Pirro

Monday, December 24, 2012

Universalglot: 1868 International Language

Universalglot is an international auxiliary language published by French linguist Jean Pirro in 1868--- predating both Volapük and Esperanto. Pirro gave the language 7000 basic words and numerous prefixes allowing a considerable vocabulary.

Pirro's book is now no longer in print and is not, the last time I checked, available online. There is only a web page (in Universalglot?) called Le glot universal which describes the language at: http://www.datapacrat.com/True/LANG/SOLRESOL/Comparot/ug%20main.html

This is a pity since the language is easily comprehensible to those familiar with the major European languages.

Here is a 'konversatsion' in Universalglot, from the Wikipedia article on Universalglot:

Ben dai, Meni senior, i ese inkanted reinkontra evos, i habe vide evos in London, e ditdai nos finde enos in Skotland, dikt me ex ke land vos ese.

Un ex enos ese ruser e du ese italier e el quatli ese deutsch; ma nos pote toti parlen insamel, den nos parle el universal glot.

Tuesday, November 15, 2011

Biblia Legado: 16 Nov. 2011

(Esperanto)
2 Makabeoj 7:1, 20-31

1 Okazis, ke oni kaptis sep fratojn kune kun la patrino. La reĝo volis per vipado kaj skurĝado devigi ilin manĝi la malpermesitan porkaĵon.

20 Ekstreme admirinda estis la patrino, kaj ŝi meritas resti memorata. Ŝi vidis en unu tago perei siajn sep filojn kaj ŝi toleris tion senŝancele, dank' al sia fido je la Sinjoro.

21 Plena de noblaj sentoj, ĉiun el ili ŝi admonis en la gepatra lingvo, kaj sian virinan karakteron ŝi plifortigis per vira kuraĝo. Ŝi diris al ili:

22 Mi ne scias, kiel vi estiĝis en mia ventro, kaj ne mi donacis al vi spiron kaj vivon, kaj ne mi formis harmonian tutaĵon el viaj membroj,

23 sed la Kreinto de la mondo: Li efektivigis la estiĝon de la homo kaj de ĉiuj estaĵoj. Li redonos al vi en Sia kompatemo la spiron kaj la vivon, kiujn vi nun ne ŝparas pro amo al Lia leĝo.

24 Antioĥo kredis, ke ŝi primokas lin, kaj suspektis en ŝiaj vortoj ofendon. Nur la plej juna frato ankoraŭ vivis. Lin li provis konvinki, ne nur per vortoj, sed ankaŭ per ĵuro, ke li faros lin riĉa kaj feliĉa, se li malobservos la prapatrajn kutimojn; li ankaŭ konsideros lin kiel sian amikon kaj konfidos al li altajn postenojn.

25 Kiam la junulo tute ne priatentis tion, la reĝo petis la patrinon, ke ŝi konvinku la knabon por saviĝi.

26 Nur post longaj insistoj ŝi akceptis konvinki la filon.

27 Sed kliniĝinte super li, ŝi primokis la teruran tiranon kaj diris en la gepatra lingvo: Filo mia, kompatu min. Dum naŭ monatoj mi portis vin en la ventro, dum tri jaroj mi mamnutris vin, mi flegis kaj edukis vin ĝis tiu aĝo, kiun nun vi havas.

28 Mi petegas vin, mia infano, rigardu la ĉielon kaj la teron kaj kion ili enhavas, kaj sciu, ke Dio kreis tion el nenio, kaj simile ekestis la homa gento.

29 Ne timu ĉi ekzekutiston, sed montru vin inda je viaj fratoj kaj akceptu la morton, por ke mi reakiru vin kun viaj fratoj en la tago de la kompatemo de Dio.

30 Apenaŭ ŝi finis paroli, kiam diris la junulo: Kion vi atendas? Mi ne obeas la ordonojn de la reĝo, sed ja la ordonojn de la leĝo, kiun niaj prapatroj ricevis de Moseo.

31 Kaj vi, kiu estigis ĉiujn ĉi malfeliĉojn por la Hebreoj, vi ne eskapos la manojn de Dio.

Luko 19:11-28

11 Kaj kiam oni aŭdis tion, li parolis ankoraŭ parabolon, ĉar li estis proksime al Jerusalem, kaj oni supozis, ke la regno de Dio tuj aperos.

12 Li do diris:Unu nobelo forvojaĝis en malproksiman landon, por ricevi al si regnon, kaj reveni.

13 Kaj vokinte al si dek siajn servistojn, li donis al ili dek min'ojn, kaj diris al ili:Negocadu, ĝis mi revenos.

14 Sed liaj regnanoj lin malamis, kaj sendis delegitaron post li, dirante:Ni ne volas, ke tiu viro reĝu super ni.

15 Kaj kiam li revenis, ricevinte la regnon, li ordonis voki al li tiujn servistojn, al kiuj li donis la monon, por ke li sciiĝu, kiom ili gajnis per negocado.

16 Kaj venis la unua, kaj diris:Sinjoro, via min'o produktis dek min'ojn.

17 Kaj li diris al li:Bonege, bona servisto; ĉar vi estis fidela en tre malgranda afero, havu aŭtoritaton super dek urboj.

18 Kaj venis la dua, kaj diris:Sinjoro, via min'o faris kvin min'ojn.

19 Li diris ankaŭ al tiu:Vi ankaŭ estu super kvin urboj.

20 Kaj alia venis, kaj diris:Sinjoro, jen via min'o, kiun mi konservis, flankemetitan en viŝtuko;

21 ĉar mi vin timis, ĉar vi estas homo severa; vi prenas tion, kion vi ne demetis, kaj rikoltas tion, kion vi ne semis.

22 Li diris al li:El via propra buŝo mi vin juĝos, vi malbona servisto. Vi sciis, ke mi estas homo severa, kiu prenas tion, kion mi ne demetis, kaj rikoltas tion, kion mi ne semis;

23 kial do vi ne donis mian monon en bankon, por ke, reveninte, mi postulu ĝin kun procento?

24 Kaj li diris al la apudstarantoj:Forprenu de li la min'on, kaj donu ĝin al tiu, kiu havas la dek min'ojn.

25 (Kaj ili diris al li:Sinjoro, li havas dek min'ojn.)

26 Mi diras al vi, ke al ĉiu, kiu havas, estos donite; kaj for de tiu, kiu ne havas, estos prenita eĉ tio, kion li havas.

27 Cetere tiujn miajn malamikojn, kiuj ne volis, ke mi reĝu super ili, konduku ĉi tien, kaj mortigu ilin antaŭ mi.

28 Kaj tion dirinte, li ekiris antaŭe, suprenirante al Jerusalem.
(English)
2 Maccabees 7:1, 20-31 (Douay-Rheims)

1. It came to pass also, that seven brethren, together with their mother, were apprehended, and compelled by the king to eat swine's flesh against the law, for which end they were tormented with whips and scourges.

20 Now the mother was to be admired above measure, and worthy to be remembered by good men, who beheld her seven sons slain in the space of one day, and bore it with a good courage, for the hope that she had in God:

21 And she bravely exhorted every one of them in her own language, being filled with wisdom; and joining a man's heart to a woman's thought,

22 she said to them: I know not how you were formed in my womb; for I neither gave you breath, nor soul, nor life, neither did I frame the limbs of every one of you.

23 But the Creator of the world, that formed the nativity of man, and that found out the origin of all, he will restore to you again, in his mercy, both breath and life, as now you despise yourselves for the sake of his laws.

24 Now Antiochus, thinking himself despised, and withal despising the voice of the upbraider, when the youngest was yet alive, did not only exhort him by words, but also assured him with an oath, that he would make him a rich and a happy man, and, if he would turn from the laws of his fathers, would take him for a friend, and furnish him with things necessary.

25 But when the young man was not moved with these things, the king called the mother, and counselled her to deal with the young man to save his life.

26 And when he had exhorted her with many words she promised that she would counsel her son.

27 So bending herself towards him, mocking the cruel tyrant, she said in her own language: My son have pity upon me, that bore you nine months in my womb, and gave you suck three years, and nourished you, and brought you up unto this age.

28 I beseech you, my son, look upon heaven and earth, and all that is in them, and consider that God made them out of nothing, and mankind also:

29 So you shall not fear this tormentor, but being made a worthy partner with your brethren, receive death, that in that mercy I may receive you again with your brethren.

30 While she was yet speaking these words, the young man said: For whom do you stay? I will not obey the commandment of the king, but the commandment of the law which was given us by Moses.

31 But you that have been the author of all mischief against the Hebrews, shall not escape the hand of God.

Luke 19:11-28 (Bible in Basic English)

11 And while they were giving ear to these words, he made another story for them, because he was near Jerusalem, and because they were of the opinion that the kingdom of God was coming straight away.

12 So he said, A certain man of high birth went into a far-away country to get a kingdom for himself, and to come back.

13 And he sent for ten of his servants and gave them ten pounds and said to them, Do business with this till I come.

14 But his people had no love for him, and sent representatives after him, saying, We will not have this man for our ruler.

15 And when he came back again, having got his kingdom, he gave orders for those servants to whom he had given the money to come to him, so that he might have an account of what business they had done.

16 And the first came before him, saying, Lord, your pound has made ten pounds.

17 And he said to him, You have done well, O good servant: because you have done well in a small thing you will have authority over ten towns.

18 And another came, saying, Your pound has made five pounds.

19 And he said, You will be ruler over five towns.

20 And another came, saying, Lord, here is your pound, which I put away in a cloth;

21 Because I was in fear of you, for you are a hard man: you take up what you have not put down, and get in grain where you have not put seed.

22 He said to him, By the words of your mouth you will be judged, you bad servant. You had knowledge that I am a hard man, taking up what I have not put down and getting in grain where I have not put seed;

23 Why then did you not put my money in a bank, so that when I came I would get it back with interest?

24 And he said to the others who were near, Take the pound away from him, and give it to the man who has ten.

25 And they say to him, Lord, he has ten pounds.

26 And I say to you that to everyone who has, more will be given, but from him who has not, even what he has will be taken away.

27 And as for those who were against me, who would not have me for their ruler, let them come here, and be put to death before me.

28 And when he had said this, he went on in front of them, going up to Jerusalem.

Nombro de ĉinaj studentoj in Usono kreskis


















(Esperanto)
1. Laŭ la jarraporto publikigita de la usona Internacia Asocio pri Edukado en la 14a de novembro,

2. en la studjaro de 2010 ĝis 2011 la nombro de ĉinaj studentoj en Usono kreskis je 22% pli ol tiu de la antaŭa studjaro,

3. kaj la nombro de la studentoj atingis 158 mil.

4. Ĉinujo jam fariĝis la dua fontlando de studentoj en Usono.

Raportas Xiong Linping
Ĉina Radio Internacia
(English)
1. According to the year-report published by the US International Association for Education on the 14th of November,

2. In the study-year from 2010 to 2011 the number of Chinese students in the United States grew by 22% more than the previous study-year,

3. and the number of students reached 158,000.

4. China now becomes the second source-land of students in the United States.